20060303-partial

1 files changed, 272 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/man/1/mc b/man/1/mc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3218b323
--- /dev/null
+++ b/man/1/mc
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+.TH MC 1
+.SH NAME
+mc \- interactive floating point mathematics calculator
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B mc
+[
+.B -s
+] [
+.I file
+]
+.PP
+.B mc
+[
+.B -s
+] [
+.I expression
+]
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I Mc
+interprets a simple language for floating point arithmetic
+with limbo-like syntax and
+functions.
+.PP
+If no
+.I file
+or
+.I expression
+is given
+.I mc
+interprets the standard input.
+.PP
+.I Mc
+input consists of
+.I expressions
+and
+.IR statements .
+Expressions are evaluated and their results printed.
+Statements, typically assignments and function
+definitions, produce no output unless they explicitly call
+.IR print .
+.PP
+Comments begin with # and extend to the end of the line as in limbo.
+.PP
+Numbers may have a base specified using C or limbo syntax.
+.PP
+Variable names have the usual syntax, including 
+.LR _ .
+They may be introduced without a declaration and have an initial default value
+of 0.0.
+.PP
+The predefined variable
+.B degrees
+can be set to specify angles in degrees rather than radians in the trigonometric functions below. It is initially 0 (angles in radians by default).
+.PP
+The predefined variable
+.B printbase
+can be set to any integer between 2 and 36 inclusive to specify
+the base of all values output.
+.PP
+The constants
+.BR e ,
+.BR Pi (π) ,
+.BR Phi (φ) ,
+.BR Gamma (γ) ,
+.BR Infinity (∞) ,
+and
+.BR Nan (NaN)
+are predefined.
+.PP
+Expressions are formed with these limbo-like operators, listed by
+decreasing precedence.
+.TP
+.B ! ~ + - ++ --
+.TP
+.B **
+.TP
+.B * / % //
+.TP
+.B + -
+.TP
+.B << >>
+.TP
+.B > >= < <= <->
+.TP
+.B == != -> <-
+.TP
+.BR & " " " " ↑
+.TP
+.B ^
+.TP
+.BR | " " " " ↓
+.TP
+.B &&
+.TP
+.B ||
+.TP
+.B ? :
+.TP
+.B = := += -= *= /= %= //= &= ^= |= <<= >>=
+.TP
+.B ,
+.PP
+If the
+.B -s
+flag is given, a strict interpretation of the declaration rules are enforced - all variables must be declared and initialized first using the 
+.B :=
+operator. Otherwise undeclared variables are declared and initialized to 0.0 in the
+current scope. In either case, 
+.B :=
+always forces a new declaration.
+.PP
+The extra non-limbo operators are factorial (! when postfix), integer division (//),
+conditional (? and :) comma (,), logical equivalence (<->), implication (->), reverse implication (<-), nand (↑) and nor (↓).
+.PP
+Unary operators, assignment operators, **, ? and : are right associative as usual.
+.PP
+The comma operator may be replaced by white space in expressions.
+.PP
+Built in functions are
+.BR abs ,
+.BR acos ,
+.BR acosh ,
+.BR asin ,
+.BR asinh ,
+.BR atan ,
+.BR atanh ,
+.BR atan2 ,
+.BR cbrt ,
+.BR ceiling ,
+.BR cos ,
+.BR cosh ,
+.BR erf ,
+.BR exp ,
+.BR floor ,
+.BR frac ,
+.BR gamma (Γ) ,
+.BR int ,
+.BR log ,
+.BR log10 ,
+.BR max ,
+.BR min ,
+.BR pow ,
+.BR rand ,
+.BR round ,
+.BR sign ,
+.BR sin ,
+.BR sinh ,
+.BR sqrt ,
+.BR tan ,
+and
+.BR tanh .
+.PP
+Functions of one argument may be written without brackets:
+.sp
+.EX
+	sin 45
+	sqrt 2
+.EE
+.sp
+These behave as unary operators with the highest precedence.
+.PP
+Sum and product operators are available using sigma (Σ) and pi (Π).
+For example
+.sp
+.EX
+	sigma(i = 0, 100, 1/i!)
+.EE
+.sp
+gives the value 2.7182818284590455 .
+.PP
+Simple definite integration can be done :-
+.sp
+.EX
+	integral(x = -1.96, 1.96, exp(-0.5*x*x)/sqrt(2*Pi))
+.EE
+.sp
+outputs 0.9500042096998785 .
+∫ may be used in place of integral.
+.PP
+For the sake of completeness, the derivative of a function at a given
+point can be calculated :-
+.sp
+.EX
+	differential(x=1, x*x+5*x+6)
+.EE
+.sp
+gives 7.
+Δ may be used in place of differential.
+.PP
+There is limited support for the solution of equations.
+For example
+.sp
+.EX
+	solve(x**2-5*x+6==0)
+.EE
+.sp
+outputs the values 2 and 3. The value returned by
+.B solve
+is the largest of the roots. To specify the variable to solve for, if
+ambiguous, simply add it as a second parameter as in, for example,
+.sp
+.EX
+	solve(x**2-5*x+6==y**3+z, x)
+.EE
+.sp
+This will substitute the current values of
+.B y
+and
+.B z
+and solve for
+.B x.
+To tune the solution process, the predefined variables
+.B solvelimit
+(default value 100) and
+.B solvestep
+(default value 1) are available.
+The former specifies the maximum absolute solution
+to search for. The latter
+specifies the interval increment to apply when searching
+for sign changes.
+.PP
+.B Print
+prints a list of expressions that may include
+string constants such as
+\fL"hello\en"\f1.\fP
+.PP
+.B Read
+reads in a list of values interactively. The list of variables to assign
+these values should follow.
+.PP
+Other files may be read in using the limbo include statement.
+.PP
+Control flow statements are
+.BR break ,
+.BR continue ,
+.BR exit ,
+.BR return ,
+.BR if - else ,
+.BR while ,
+.BR do - while ,
+and
+.BR for ,
+with braces for grouping.
+.PP
+The use of semi-colon and newline is optional.
+.PP
+Functions are introduced by the keyword
+.BR fn .
+.SH EXAMPLE
+.EX
+fn ack(a, b)
+{
+	n = n+1
+	if(a == 0)
+		return b+1;
+	if(b == 0)
+		return ack(a-1, 1);
+	return ack(a-1, ack(a, b-1));
+}
+
+for(i = 0; i < 4; i++)
+	for(j = 0; j < 4; j++){
+		n = 0
+		print "ack(", i, ",", j, ")=", ack(i, j), "\n"
+		print n, " calls", "\n"
+	}
+.EE
+.SH SOURCE
+.B /appl/cmd/mc.b
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.IR fc (1),
+.IR math (2)